Paper 2021/1167 Original: eprint.iacr.org/2021/1167 ↗
fflonk: a Fast-Fourier inspired verifier efficient version of PlonK
Abstract
We present a variant of the Kate, Zaverucha and Goldberg polynomial commitment scheme [KZG] where $d$ polynomials can be opened at a point that is a $d$'th power, such that the amount of verifier group operations does not depend on $d$. Our method works by reducing opening multiple polynomials at a single point $x$, to opening a single polynomial at many points via an ``FFT-like identity''. As an application we present a version of the PlonK zk-SNARK[GWC] with significantly improved verifier performance, at the cost roughly tripling the prover time. Specifically, in addition to the two pairings, the verifier only performs five scalar multiplications, rather than 16 or 18 as in the versions presented in [GWC].
Metadata
- Available format(s)
PDF- Category
- Cryptographic protocols
- Publication info
- Preprint.
- History
- 2021-11-01: last updated
- 2021-09-14: published
- Short URL
- https://ia.cr/2021/1167
- License
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX
@misc{cryptoeprint:2021/1167,
author = {Ariel Gabizon and Zachary J. Williamson},
title = {fflonk: a Fast-Fourier inspired verifier efficient version of PlonK},
howpublished = {Cryptology {ePrint} Archive, Paper 2021/1167},
year = {2021},
url = {https://eprint.iacr.org/2021/1167}
}