Paper 2025/1564 Original: eprint.iacr.org/2025/1564 ↗

SoK: Blockchain Consensus in the Quantum Age

Aleck Nash
Christian Eduardo Terron Garcia
Henry Chimal-Dzul
Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo
Abstract

Consensus protocols are an important building block in blockchain and blockchain-based systems. The recent focus in developing practical quantum computers reinforces the importance of designing quantum-resistant cryptographic protocols, and in the context of this paper quantum-resistant consensus protocols. In this paper, we systematically review the extant literature on quantum-resistant consensus protocols published between 2019 and 2024. As part of the review, we identify a number of limitations and challenges and discuss potential future research directions.

Metadata
Available format(s)
PDF
Category
Cryptographic protocols
Publication info
Preprint.
History
2025-09-01: last updated
2025-09-01: published
Short URL
https://ia.cr/2025/1564
License
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BibTeX

@misc{cryptoeprint:2025/1564,
      author = {Aleck Nash and Christian Eduardo Terron Garcia and Henry Chimal-Dzul and Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo},
      title = {SoK: Blockchain Consensus in the Quantum Age},
      howpublished = {Cryptology {ePrint} Archive, Paper 2025/1564},
      year = {2025},
      url = {https://eprint.iacr.org/2025/1564}
}
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